Thursday, February 2, 2012

Intro to Ggantija


This post is going to give so basic background information on to the archaeological site Ggantija. Ggantija is a well preserved temples is on island of Gozo in the Mediterranean sea. It was built by the Malta, who had no written language or knowledge of any kind of metal, had raised vast, yet where able to build sophisticated stone structures several hundred years before the Egyptians built the pyramids. Ggantija’s stone gray structure stands on one of Gozo's flat-topped hills above a fertile valley. Ggantija gained its name due to folk stories. Legend speaks of a female giant who, by day, strode the land carrying the great slabs on her head, and built them by night. This look of this temple gave it its name Ggantjia, the Maltese word for giantess. The Malta used Gozo’s abundance of multiple types of limestone in nearly all of their temples. However, nowhere else did they build a surrounding wall quite as astonishing as the one at Ggantjia. Blocks of hard grey stone, the size of small cars are laid alternately upright and sideways to form a first course eight meters high. Above this another layer of smaller blocks teeter upwards for a further two meters. The two entrances of Ggantija stand side by side on the concave façade. They are flanked by pillars of soft, golden limestone once doubtless capped by lintels of equally impressive dimensions. Gganjita’s threshold is made of one enormous slab of golden stone and beside it lay round rocks which that rolled it into place from the surrounding hillside. The interior walls were originally plastered and painted with red ochre, the remains of which could still be seen clinging to the stones until only a few years ago. Gganjita was the first uncovered in the 1820s. It was dug out by untrained hands, as was a common practice in archaeology in the 1800’s. It is guessed that many of the treasures from Ggantija must have disappeared with the rubbish. Of the few things that remained a carved snake climbing a stone and two finely modeled stone heads give some indication of what else might have been there. One artifact found at the site however, is difficult to associate with the terms of the Stone Age. A piece of pottery, part of a bowl incised all round with two lines of birds in flight. The Malta people who built this temple were farmers. They grew barley and wheat and raised with them cattle, goats, sheep and pigs. The Malta appear to have been a remarkably peaceful people, yet they fear no threat from each other or from the outside world. They lived in caves and houses made of mudbrick. Their homes were without a trace of any kind of fortification. The only things found from this period even resembling a weapon are two tiny arrowheads. Skeletal remains of the Malta show they had unusually healthy with strong bones and teeth though a few of them had bunions on their feet. One rather touching artifact found was the remains of a small child buried with a puppy. It is unknown if whether or not the site was meant for only privileged members of their society to be buried there, but several skeletons seem to indicate otherwise. These men buried at Ggantija had particularly thick, strong limbs and distinctively craggy faces suggesting they were more common people then not.

Work Cited:

Monsarrat, Ann. "The Stone Age Temples of Malta." The Unesco Courier 1994: 46-. ProQuest Research Library. Web. 2 Feb. 2012 .

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